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Centres of Excellence -> Pediatric Surgery -> Phimosis

Phimosis

Phimosis is defined as the inability to retract the foreskin (prepuce) covering the head (glans) of the penis. It may result from a ring-like narrowing of the foreskin, making retraction difficult or impossible. Phimosis is classified into two types: physiological and pathological.

Physiological Phimosis 

Children are born with the foreskin naturally adhered to the glans, and this separation occurs gradually over time. Phimosis is normal in uncircumcised infants and young children, typically resolving completely by the age of 5–7. However, it may persist in older children.

Pathological (Secondary) Phimosis

Pathological phimosis can result from scarring of the foreskin due to inflammation (infections) or injury. Forcefully retracting the foreskin can cause bleeding, scarring, and emotional trauma for both the child and parents. If symptoms such as ballooning of the foreskin during urination, difficulty urinating, or infections occur, surgical treatment (circumcision) may be necessary.

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